Size Duel deck / Ships, aircraft and spacecraft
XMM-Newton
Mass: launch mass
about 3.8 t (8,378 lb)
A European X-ray observatory launched in 1999.
Sources and checks
Checked 2026-10-21: Researched by Codex (two independent publishers, verbatim quotes); every counted quote re-found on its page by the server check (content-verify); scope and plausibility reviewed by Claude (AI build agent). Quotes are short passages from each source.
“3.8 tonnes”European Space Agency: source, retrieved 2026-10-21; quote re-found by the server check
“3,764 kg”CNES, French Space Agency: source, retrieved 2026-10-21; server could not read the page; quote found by Codex
“3800 kg”World Meteorological Organization, OSCAR: source, retrieved 2026-10-21; quote re-found by the server check
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